Poonch

District Poonch

Poonch District (ضلع پونچھ) is one of the 10 districts of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, situated within the disputed Kashmir region. It occupies a central position within the Poonch Division, bordering Bagh District to the north, Haveli District to the northeast, Poonch District of Indian-administered Kashmir to the southeast, Sudhanoti and Kotli Districts of Azad Kashmir to the south, and Rawalpindi District of Pakistan’s Punjab Province to the west.

History

Poonch boasts a rich history dating back centuries. Early references place it within Alexander the Great’s conquests, and Chinese traveler Huien Tsang noted its vibrant culture in the 6th century AD. By the 850s, Poonch emerged as an independent state, witnessing successive rulers until becoming part of the Sikh Khalsa Raj in the early 19th century. In 1850, the Dogra Raj established its reign, characterized by significant development. Post-partition, Poonch faced tumultuous times, and today forms part of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, retaining its historical significance and natural beauty.

Location

District Poonch occupies a central position within the Poonch Division of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir. Here’s a breakdown of its location:
  • North: Bordered by Bagh District.
  • Northeast: Shares a border with Haveli District.
  • Southeast: Neighbors the Poonch District of Indian-administered Kashmir (across the Line of Control).
  • South: Encompassed by Sudhanoti and Kotli Districts of Azad Kashmir.
  • West: Touches the Rawalpindi District of Punjab Province, Pakistan.

Demography

As of 2024, the population of Poonch District, estimated at 420,624 in 2017 and growing at an annual rate of 2-3%, is likely between 470,000 and 490,000. The region predominantly speaks Pahari (“Punchi”), with about 80-90% of the population using it, while Urdu remains the official language. Other languages such as Punjabi, Pahari-Pothwari, Dogri, and Gujari are also spoken, though to a lesser extent. The district, like much of Azad Kashmir, is mainly Muslim with small communities of Christians and Bahais. The literacy rate in Poonch District is expected to be over 75%, reflecting the increasing educational trends in Azad Kashmir.